Max Gärtner

Max Gärtner

The Nation-State and Self-Sufficiency

With Russia’s war on Ukraine, the ever-present availability of cheap gas, warmth, and electricity got questioned in many European countries. On the one hand, governments suggested ideas for individuals to save energy by using a wet rag instead of a warm shower. However, it raised claims of energy self-sufficiency. Hasn’t Europe relied on Russia too much in the past? Shouldn’t…

Left-wing Patriotism for European Integration

Eurosceptic parties won 135 out of 751 seats in the last European Parliament election (2019).[1]  This may not seem like much, but it raises the question of what is happening to the integrative concept of the European Union. A Green politician and current German vice chancellor, Robert Habeck, wrote a book about this in 2010, describing a left-wing patriotism that…